3. Who is protected from employment discrimination?

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Applicants, employees and former employees are protected from employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, sexual orientation, or gender identity), national origin, age (40 or older), disability and genetic information (including family medical history).

Applicants, employees and former employees are also protected from retaliation (punishment) for filing a charge or complaint of discrimination, participating in a discrimination investigation or lawsuit, or opposing discrimination (for example, threatening to file a charge or complaint of discrimination).

See also:

Who is an "employee" under federal employment discrimination laws?

Employee Rights

What is retaliation and how can I prevent it?

Manager Responsibilities - Treating Employees Consistently

Example - Justifying Inconsistent Treatment